٢٥٩
هٰذَا بَاْبُ نَفْيِ الْفِعْلِ

هٰذَا بَاْبُ نَفْيِ الْفِعْلِ 1٧٨٧٨٠ this is the topic of the negation of the action
إِذَا قَاْلَ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ نَفْيَهُ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ 2٩٢٥١٦ when one says faʕala
he did
then indeed its negation is lam yafʕal
he did not
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ قَدْ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ نَفْيَهُ لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ 3١٦٣٢٦ and when one says qad faʕala
he did do; he has done
then indeed its negation is lammā yafʕal
he did not do; he has not done
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ لَقَدْ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ نَفْيَهُ مَا فَعَلَ 4٠٧٢٨٦ and when one says la-qad faʕala
verily/certainly he did do/has done; [I swear] he did do
then indeed its negation is mā faʕala
he did not do; he has not done
لِأَنَّهُ كَأَنَّهُ قَاْلَ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ فَعَلَ فَقَاْلَ وَاللهِ مَا فَعَلَ 5٣٧٨٥٠ since it is like that one says wa-_llāh la-qad faʕala
By God, I swear he did do
so one says wa-_llāh mā faʕala
By God, he did not do
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ هُوَ يَفْعَلُ أَيْ هُوَ فِي حَاْلِ فِعْلٍ فَإِنَّ نَفْيَهُ مَا يَفْعَلُ 6٢٠٠٩٧ and when one says huwa yafʕal
he is doing
i.e. he is in a state of doing, then indeed its negation is mā yafʕal
he is not doing
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ هُوَ يَفْعَلُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ الْفِعْلُ وَاقِعًا فَنَفْيُهُ لَا يَفْعَلُ 7٤٥٤٤٥ and when one says huwa yafʕal
he does (e.g. habitually)
and the action is not occuring, then its negation is lā yafʕal
he does not; he does not do
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ لَيَفْعَلَنَّ فَنَفْيُهُ لَا يَفْعَلُ 8١٩٨٧٨ and when one says la-yafʕalanna
let him do! (emphatic oath)
then its negation is lā yafʕal
let him not do
كَأَنَّهُ قَاْلَ وَاللهِ لَيَفْعَلَنَّ فَقُلْتَ وَاللهِ لَا يَفْعَلُ 9٦٦٤٦٨ like that one says wa-_llāh la-yafʕalanna
By God, let him do!
so you say wa-_llāh lā yafʕal
By God, let him not do!
وَإِذَا قَاْلَ سَوْفَ يَفْعَلُ فَإِنَّ نَفْيَهُ لَنْ يَفْعَلَ 10٧٥٢٤٣ and when one says sawfa yafʕal
he will do
then indeed its negation is lan yafʕal
he will not do

Segment Notes

Segment 7: وَإِذَا قَاْلَ هُوَ يَفْعَلُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ الْفِعْلُ وَاقِعًا فَنَفْيُهُ لَا يَفْعَلُ

هُوَ يَفْعَلُ may also express futurity, just as English “he is going tomorrow” does, but negation of this sense is left for لَنْ يَفْعَلَ, as explained in segment 10.

Colophon

Pagination

Derenbourg
١-٤٠٨
بلاق
١-٤٦٠
هارون
٣-١١٧
يعقوب
٣-١٣٥
البكّاء
٤-٢٤٤

Status(revision / pct complete)

Last update
2026-05-18
Tashkeel
1 / 100%
Segmentation
1 / 100%
Dicta
1 / 100%

Subscribe to Reading Sībawayhi

Don’t miss out on the latest issues. Sign up now to get access to the library of members-only issues.
[email protected]
Subscribe