| هٰذَا بَاْبُ الْفَاْعِلِ الَّذِي يَتَعَدَّاْهُ فِعْلُهُ إِلَى مَفْعُوْلٍ | 1٥٨٥١٢ | this is the topic of the enactant whose action oversteps it to a coactant |
| وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ ضَرَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ زَيْدًا | 2٥٥٥٥٦ |
and that is your saying
ḍaraba ʕabdᵘ allāhᵢ zaydᵃⁿ «»
|
| فَـعَبْدُ اللهِ ارْتَفَعَ هٰهُنَا | 3٨٧٤٥٥ |
well
ʕabdu _llāhᵢ ʕAbdᵘ llahᵢ
foregrounds here
|
| كَمَا ارْتَفَعَ فِي ذَهَبَ | 4٢٠٩٤٧ |
just as he
foregrounds in
ðahaba went-he; i.e.
ذَهَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ
|
| وَشَغَلْتَ ضَرَبَ بِهِ | 5١٣٠٩٤ |
and you engage
ḍaraba struck-he
with him
|
| كَمَا شَغَلْتَ بِهِ ذَهَبَ | 6١٥٦٢٠ |
as you engage with him
ðahaba went-he
|
| وَانْتَصَبَ زَيْدٌ | 7٧٣٧٦٥ |
and
zaydᵘⁿ Zayd
rises
|
| لِأَنَّهُ مَفْعُوْلٌ بِهِ تَعَدَّى إِلَيْهِ فِعْلُ الْفَاْعِلِ | 8١٤٥٧٨ | since he is a coactant to which the action of the enactant oversteps |
| فَإِنْ قَدَّمْتَ الْمَفْعُوْلَ وأَخَّرْتَ الْفَاْعِلَ | 9٥٤١٦٢ | well if you foreposition the coactant and you backposition the enactant |
| جَرَى اللَّفْظُ كَمَا جَرَى فِي الأَوَّلِ | 10٩١٠٣٦ | the vocalization flows as it flows in the first |
| وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ ضَرَبَ زَيْدًا عَبْدُ اللهِ | 11٤٤٦٢٥ |
and that is your saying
ḍaraba zaydᵃⁿ ʕabdᵘ allāhᵢ «»
|
| لِأَنَّكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتَ بِهِ مُؤَخَّرًا ما أَرَدْتَ بِهِ مُقَدَّمًا | 12٦٨٤٦٦ | since indeed you desire by it backpositioned what you desire buy it forepositioned |
| وَلَمْ تُرِدْ أَنْ تَشْغَلَ الْفِعْلَ بِأَوَّلَ مِنْهُ | 13٦٤٠٦٦ | and you do not desire that you engage the action by something preceding it |
| وَإِنْ كَاْنَ مُؤَخَّرًا فِي اللَّفْظِ | 14٨١١٩٠ | even if it is backpositioned in vocalization |
| فَمِنْ ثُمَّ كَاْنَ حَدُّ اللَّفْظِ أَنْ يَكُوْنَ فِيهِ مُقَدَّمًا | 15٩٣٧٤٠ | therefore the standard of vocalization is that it be forepositioned in it |
| وَهُوَ عَرَبِيٌّ جَيِّدٌ كَثِيْرٌ | 16٨٦٧٢٩ | and it is excellent frequent Arabic |
| كَأَنَّهُمْ إِنَّمَا يُقَدِّمُوْنَ الَّذِي بَيَاْنُهُ أَهَمُّ لَهُمْ | 17٨٦٤٤٢ | as if they in fact foreposition that whose clarification is of most interest to them |
| وَهُمْ بِبَيَاْنِهِ أَعْنَى | 18٤٢٠٨٦ | they being most concerned with its clarification |
| وَإِنْ كَاْنَا جَمِيْعًا يُهِمَّاْنِهِمْ وَيَعْنِيَاْنِهِمْ | 19٥٤٨٠٩ | even if they both together interest them and concern them |
| وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْفِعْلَ الَّذِي لَا يَتَعَدَّى الْفَاْعِلَ | 20٦٥٨٢٠ | and know that the action that does not overstep the enactant |
| يَتَعَدَّى إِلَى اسْمِ الْحَدَثَاْنِ الَّذِي أُخِذَ مِنْهُ | 21١١٩٦٢ | it steps to the substantive of the Event-report from which it is taken |
| لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا يُذْكَرُ لَيَدُلَّ على الْحَدَثِ | 22٠٨١٩٦ | since indeed it is mentioned to indicate the event |
| أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّ قَوْلَكَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ | 23٤٨٩٩٨ |
surely you see that your saying
qad ðahaba
«»
|
| بِمَنْزِلَةِ قَوْلِكَ قَدْ كَاْنَ مِنْهُ ذَهَاْبٌ | 24٢٦٢٧٢ |
has the disposition of your saying
qad kāna min-hu ðahābᵘⁿ «»
|
| وَإِذَا قُلْتَ ضَرَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ | 25٩٧٢١٤ |
and when you say
ḍaraba ʕabdᵘ allāhᵢ «»
|
| لَمْ يَسْتَبِنْ أَنَّ الْمَفْعُوْلَ زَيْدٌ أَوْ عَمْرٌو | 26٧٤٢٢٤ | it is not clarified that the coactant is Zayd or Amr |
| وَلَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى صِنْفٍ | 27٥٣٤٢٦ | and it does not indicate a kind |
| كَمَا أَنَّ ذَهَبَ قَدْ دَلَّ على صِنْفٍ وَهُوَ الذَّهَاْبُ | 28٠١٨٢٥ |
like that
ðahaba went-he
has indicated a kind
and it is
ālð²ahābᵘgoing
|
| وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ ذَهَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ الذَّهَاْبَ الشَّدِيْدَ | 29٨٧٠٦٧ |
and that is your saying
ðahaba ʕabdᵘ allāhᵢ _ð²ahābᵃ _š²adīdᵃ «»
|
| وَقَعَدَ قِعْدَةَ سَوْءٍ | 30٦٦٤١٦ |
and
qaʕada qiʕdatᵃ sawɁᵢₙ «»
|
| وَقَعَدَ قَعْدَتَيْنِ | 31٤٩٣١٦ |
and
qaʕada qaʕdatᵃyni
«»
|
| لَمَّا عَمِلَ فِي الحَدَثِ | 32٦٩١٤٤ | when it functions in the event |
| عَمِلَ فِي الْمَرَّةِ مِنْهُ وَالْمَرَّتَيْنِ | 33٤٩٥٠١ | it functions in the instance of it, and the dual instance |
| وَمَا يَكُوْنُ ضَرْبًا مِنْهُ | 34٤٢٠١٢ | and in what be a type of it |
| فَمِنْ ذٰلِكَ | 35٤٢٤٨٣ | well of that is |
| قَعَدَ الْقُرْفُصَاْءَ | 36٥٤٦٩٤ |
qaʕada _l-qurfuṣāɁᵃ «»
|
| وَاشْتَمَلَ الصَّمَّاْءَ | 37٣٨٩٦٤ |
and
_štamala ـṣ²am²āɁᵃ «»
|
| وَرَجَعَ الْقَهْقَرَى | 38٢٨٠١٨ |
and
rajaʕa ـl-qahqarâ
«»
|
| لِأَنَّهُ ضَرْبٌ مِنْ فِعْلِهِ الَّذِي أُخِذَ مِنْهُ | 39٨٤٥١٥ | since it is a type of its action from which it is taken |
| ويَتَعَدَّى إلى الزَّمَاْنِ | 40٦١٩٣١ | and it steps to time |
| نَحْوُ قَوْلِكَ ذَهَبَ | 41٠٤٨٦٥ |
like your your saying
ðahaba went-he
|
| لِأَنَّهُ بُنِيَ لِمَا مَضَى مِنْهُ وَمَا لَمْ يَمْضِ | 42٠٦٢٣٠ | since it is constructed for what passed away of it and what did not did not pass away |
| فَإِذَا قَاْلَ ذَهَبَ | 43٧٧٧١٨ |
so if he says
ðahaba went-he
|
| فَهُوَ دَلِيْلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْحَدَثَ فِيْمَا مَضَى مِنَ الزَّمَاْنِ | 44٢٥١٠٧ | well it is a indication that the event is in what has passed away of time |
| وَإِذَا قَاْلَ سَيَذْهَبُ | 45٣٩٤١٧ |
and if he says
sa-yaðhabᵘ he-will-go
|
| فَإِنَّهُ دَلِيْلٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يَكُوْنُ فِيْمَا يُسْتَقْبَلُ مِنَ الزَّمَاْنِ | 46٨٣٣٩٨ | well it is an indication that it be in what is approaching of time |
| فَفِيْهِ بَيَاْنُ مَا مَضَى وَمَا لَمْ يَمْضِ مِنْهُ | 47٦٨٠٤٢ | so in it is clarification of what passed away and of what did not pass away of it |
| كَمَا أَنَّ فِيْهِ اسْتِدْلَالًا عَلَى وُقُوْعِ الْحَدَثِ | 48٤٧٤٢٤ | as that in it is inference to the occurrance of the event |
| وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ قَعَدَ شَهْرَيْنِ | 49٥٠٣٥١ |
and that is your saying
qaʕada šahrᵃyni
«»
|
| وَسَيَقْعُدُ شَهْرَيْنِ | 50٠٢٠١٦ |
and
sa-yaqʕudᵘ šahrᵃyni
«»
|
| وَتَقُوْلُ ذَهَبْتُ أَمْسِ | 51٥٣٧٠٣ |
and you say
ðahab-tu ˀamsi
«»
|
| وَسَأَذْهَبُ غَدًا | 52١٨٤٦٥ |
and
sa-ˀaðhabᵘ gadᵃⁿ «»
|
| فَإِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْهُمَا ظَرْفًا | 53٨١٩٣٧ | for if you will you do not construe the two as contextual |
| فَهُوَ يَجُوْزُ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَسْمَاْءِ الزَّمَاْنِ | 54٠٨٩٠٩ |
for it
passes as acceptable
in every thing of the
substantives of time
|
| كَمَا جَاْزَ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَسْمَاْءِ الْحَدَثِ | 55٦١٢٩٨ | as it passes in every thing of the substantives of the event |
| وَيَتَعَدَّى إِلَى مَا اشْتُقَّ مِنْ لَفْظِهِ اسْمًا لِلْمَكاْنِ | 56٨٩٨٩١ |
and it steps to
what derives from its vocalization
as a substantive for location i.e. mīm-nouns of place like مَذْهَبٌ
or مَجْلِسٌ.
|
| وَإِلَى الْمَكَاْنِ | 57٧١٢٣٠ |
and to a location i.e. proper place-names like مَكَّة
and عُمَان
|
| لَأَنَّهُ إِذَا قَاْلَ ذَهَبَ أَوْ قَعَدَ | 58٩٥٥٠٢ |
since if he say
ðahaba went-he
or
qaʕadasat-he
|
| فَقَدْ عُلِمَ أَنَّ لِلْحَدَثِ مَكَاْنًا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ | 59٩٧٢٣١ | then it were known that to the event is a location even if he did not mention it |
| كَمَا عُلِمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ كَاْنَ ذَهَاْبٌ | 60٢٣٩٩٢ |
as it were known that there had been a
ðahābun going
An اسم الحدث, masdar
|
| وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ | 61١١٠٢٦ | and that is your saying |
| ذَهَبْتُ الْمَذْهَبَ الْبَعِيْدَ | 62٤٣٥٨٧ |
ðahab-tu [الْمَذْهَبَ] [الْبَعِيْدَ]
«»
|
| وَجَلَسْتُ مَجْلِسًا حَسَنًا | 63٠٠٦١٧ |
and
[جَلَسْتُ] [مَجْلِسًا] ḥasanᵃⁿ «»
|
| وَقَعَدْتُ مَقْعَدًا كَرِيْمًا | 64٥٢٥٢٦ |
and
[قَعَدْتُ] [مَقْعَدًا] [كَرِيْمًا]
«»
|
| وَقَعَدْتُ الْمَكَاْنَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَ | 65١١٦١٩ |
and
[قَعَدْتُ] [الْمَكَاْنَ] _l²aðī [رَأَيْتَ]
«»
|
| وَذَهَبْتُ وَجْهًا مِنَ الْوُجُوْهِ | 66٠٥٥٠٤ |
and
ðahab-tu wᵃjhᵃⁿå [مِنَ] [الْوُجُوْهِ]
«»
|
| وَقَدْ قَاْلَ بَعْضُهُمْ ذَهَبْتُ الشَّاْمَ | 67١٢٠٤٨ |
and some of them have said
ðahab-tu [الشَّاْمَ]
«»
|
| يُشَبِّهُهُ بِالْمُبْهَمِ إِذَا كَاْنَ مَكَاْنًا | 68٦٣٧٩٦ | they assimilate it to what is obscure when it is a location |
| أَوْ كَاْنَ يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِ الْمَكَاْنُ وَالْمَذْهَبُ | 69٦٩٥٩٩ | or the locus-of-being or locus-of-going occurs on it |
| وَهٰذَا شَاْذٌّ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي ذَهَبَ دَلِيْلًا عَلَى الشَّاْمِ | 70٩٧٦٤٩ |
and this is idiomatic since there is not in
ðahaba went-he
indication on the north
|
| وَفِيْهِ دَلِيْلٌ عَلَى الْمَذْهَبِ وَالْمَكَاْنِ | 71٩٧٢٢٨ | while in it is indication on the locus-of-going and the locus-of-being |
| وَمِثْلُ ذَهَبْتُ الشَّاْمَ دَخَلْتُ الْبَيْتَ | 72٣٧٢٤٨ |
and like
ðahab-tu _l-š²āma [MISSING GLOSS KEY]
is
daxal-tu _l-baytᵃ«I entered the house»
|
| وَمِثْلُ ذٰلِكَ قَوْلُ سَاْعِدَةَ بْنِ جُؤَيَّةَ | 73٤٩١٣٣ | and like that is the saying of sāʕidaħa bni juẇay²aħa |
| 74٥٧٨٣٩ | ||
| وَيَتَعَدَّى إِلَى مَا كَاْنَ وَقْتًا فِي الْأَمْكِنَةِ | 75٣٩٣٦٨ | and it steps to what is a delimitation in locations |
| كَمَا يَتَعَدَّى إِلَى مَا كَاْنَ وَقْتًا فِي الْأَزْمِنَةِ | 76٣٨٧٤٧ | as it steps to what is a delimitation in times |
| لِأَنَّهُ وَقْتٌ يَقَعُ فِي الْمَكَاْنِ | 77٧٤٣٧٨ | since it is a delimitation that occurs in the location |
| وَلَا يُخْتَصُّ بِهِ مَكَاْنٌ وَاْحِدٌ | 78٨٢١٦٧ | and a single location is not specified by it |
| كَمَا أَنَّ ذَاكَ وَقْتٌ فِي الْأَزْمَاْنِ | 79١٥٧٦٤ | as that is a delimitation in times |
| لَا يُخْتَصُّ به زَمَنٌ بِعَيْنِهِ | 80٠٨٤١٧ |
a
time in itself زَمَنٌ بِعَيْنِهِ: a particular time is not specified by it
|
| فَلَمَّا صَاْرَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْوَقْتِ فِي الزَّمَنِ كَاْنَ مِثْلَهُ | 81١٢٣٠٨ | so when it becomes of the disposition of the delimitation in time it is like it |
| لِأَنَّكَ قَدْ تَفْعَلُ بِالْأَمَاْكِنِ | 82٧١٢٨٧ | since you may do with the locations |
| ما تَفْعَلُ بِالْأَزْمِنَةِ | 83٦٩٩٣٩ | what you do with the times |
| وَإِنْ كَاْنَ الْأَزْمِنَةُ أَقْوَى فِي ذٰلِكَ | 84١٤٠٤٨ | even if the times are more powerful in that |
| وَكَذَلِكَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَكُوْنَ | 85٥٧٧١٧ | and it is appropriate that it be like that |
| إذْ صَاْرَ فِيْمَا هُوَ أَبْعَدُ نَحْوَ ذَهَبْتُ الشَّاْمَ | 86٠٤١٠٣ |
when it becomes in what is more remote like
ðahab-tu _l-š²āma [MISSING GLOSS KEY]
|
| وَهُوَ قَوْلُكَ ذَهَبْتُ فَرْسَخَيْنِ | 87٣٠٣٦٢ |
it being your saying
ðahab-tu [فَرْسَخَيْنِ]
«»
|
| وَسِرْتُ الْمِيْلَيْنِ | 88٤٣٨٨٧ |
and
sir-tu [الْمِيْلَيْنِ]
«»
|
| كَمَا تَقُولُ ذَهَبْتُ شَهْرَيْنِ | 89٤٢٦٢٣ |
as you say
ðahab-tu šahrᵃyni
«»
|
| وَسِرْتُ الْيَوْمَيْنِ | 90٠٦١٥٩ |
and
sir-tu [الْيَوْمَيْنِ]
«»
|
| وَإِنَّمَا جُعِلَ فِي الزَّمَاْنِ أَقْوَى | 91٤٤٣٠٦ | and yet indeed it is construed in time stronger |
| لِأَنَّ الْفِعْلَ بُنِيَ لِمَا مَضَى مِنْهُ وَمَا لَمْ يَمْضِ | 92٦٢٧١٢ | since the action is constructed for what passed away of it and what did not pass away |
| فَفِيْهِ بَيَاْنُ [الْفِعْلِ] مَتَى وَقَعَ | 93٧١٠٢٣ | for in it is clarification of when [the action] occurred |
| كَمَا أَنَّ فِيْهِ بَيَاْنَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ وَقَعَ الْمَصْدَرُ وَهُوَ الْحَدَثُ | 94٧٤٩٧٩ | as that in it is clarification that the maṣdar has occurred it being the event |
| وَالْأَمَاْكِنُ لَمْ يُبْنَ لَهَا فِعْلٌ | 95٥٠٣٩١ | and the locations, an action is not constructed for them |
| وَلَيْسَتْ الْأَمَاْكِنُ بِمَصَاْدِرَ أُخِذَ مِنْهَا الْأَمْثِلَةُ | 96٩٦٠٩٥ | and the locations are not maṣdars from which the forms are taken |
| وَالْأَمَاْكِنُ إِلَى الْأَنَاْسِىِّ وَنَحْوِهِمْ أَقْرَبُ | 97٤٨٧١٨ | and the locations to people and their like are nearer |
| أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّهُمْ يَخُصُّوْنَهَا بِأَسْمَاْءٍ كَـزَيْدٍ وَعَمْرٍو | 98٨٣٢٩٢ |
surely you see that they specify them by substantives like
zaydᵢₙ Zaydᵢₙ
and
ʕamrᵢₙwʕAmrᵢₙ
|
| وَفِي قَوْلِهِمْ مَكَّةُ وَعُمَاْنُ وَنَحْوُهُمَا | 99٣١٠٨٢ |
and in their saying
mak²atᵘ Mecca
and
ʕumānᵘOman
and their like
|
| وَتَكُوْنُ مِنْهَا خِلَقٌ | 100٠٤٣٧٣ | and of them are characteristics |
| لَا يَكُوْنُ لِكُلِّ مَكَاْنٍ وَلَا فِيْهِ | 101٤٥٣٥٧ | this is not for nor in every location |
| كَـالْجَبَلِ وَالْوَاْدِي وَالْبَحْرِ | 102٨١٨٢٣ |
like
al-jabali [MISSING GLOSS KEY]
and
al-wādī[MISSING GLOSS KEY]
and
al-baḥrithe-oceanᵢ
|
| وَالدَّهْرُ لَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ | 103٨٢١٤٧ | and timespan is not like that |
| وَالْأَمَاكِنُ لَهَا جُثَّةٌ | 104٠٨٦٦٢ | and locations have a body |
| وَإِنَّمَا الدَّهْرُ مُضِىُّ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ | 105٤٣٠٣٥ | and yet indeed timespan is the passing-away of night and day |
| فَهُوَ إِلَى الْفِعْلِ أَقْرَبُ | 106٥٥١١٣ | so it is nearer to the action |
›‹
١٠هٰذَا بَاْبُ الْفَاْعِلِ الَّذِي يَتَعَدَّاْهُ فِعْلُهُ إِلَى مَفْعُوْلٍ
١٠
هٰذَا بَاْبُ الْفَاْعِلِ الَّذِي يَتَعَدَّاْهُ فِعْلُهُ إِلَى مَفْعُوْلٍCommentary
Dicta
-
ḍarabastruck-heʕabdᵘaslaveallāhᵢAllahzaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿ«»
-
ḍarabastruck-hezaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿʕabdᵘaslaveallāhᵢAllah«»
-
qadqadðahabawent-he«»
-
qadqadkānawasmin-hufrom-himðahābᵘⁿgoing«»
-
ḍarabastruck-heʕabdᵘaslaveallāhᵢAllah«»
-
ðahabawent-heʕabdᵘaslaveallāhᵢAllah_ð²ahābᵃgoing_š²adīdᵃintenseᵃⁿ«»
-
qaʕadasat-heqiʕdatᵃsittingsawɁᵢₙevil«»
-
qaʕadasat-heqaʕdatᵃynisitting«»
-
qaʕadasat-he_l-qurfuṣāɁᵃsitting with arms around legs«»
-
_štamalahe wrapped himselfـṣ²am²āɁᵃsevere«»
-
rajaʕareturned-heـl-qahqarâretreatᵘⁿ«»
-
qaʕadasat-hešahrᵃynitwo-months«»
-
sa-yaqʕudᵘhe-will-sitšahrᵃynitwo-months«»
-
ðahab-tuwent-Iˀamsiyesterday«»
-
sa-ˀaðhabᵘI-will-gogadᵃⁿtomorrowᵃⁿ«»
-
ðahab-tuwent-I[الْمَذْهَبَ][الْمَذْهَبَ][الْبَعِيْدَ][الْبَعِيْدَ]«»
-
[جَلَسْتُ][جَلَسْتُ][مَجْلِسًا][مَجْلِسًا]ḥasanᵃⁿbeautiful«»
-
[قَعَدْتُ][قَعَدْتُ][مَقْعَدًا][مَقْعَدًا][كَرِيْمًا][كَرِيْمًا]«»
-
[قَعَدْتُ][قَعَدْتُ][الْمَكَاْنَ][الْمَكَاْنَ]_l²aðīthe-one-that[رَأَيْتَ][رَأَيْتَ]«»
-
ðahab-tuwent-Iwᵃjhᵃⁿåinface[مِنَ][مِنَ][الْوُجُوْهِ][الْوُجُوْهِ]«»
-
ðahab-tuwent-I[الشَّاْمَ][الشَّاْمَ]«»
-
daxal-tuentered-I_l-baytᵃthe house«I entered the house»
-
ðahab-tuwent-I[فَرْسَخَيْنِ][فَرْسَخَيْنِ]«»
-
sir-tujourneyed-I[الْمِيْلَيْنِ][الْمِيْلَيْنِ]«»
-
ðahab-tuwent-Išahrᵃynitwo-months«»
-
sir-tujourneyed-I[الْيَوْمَيْنِ][الْيَوْمَيْنِ]«»
Poetry
-
[لَدْنٌ][بِهَزِّ][الْكَفِّ][يَعْسِلُ][مَتْنُهُ]fī-hi[كَمَا][عَسَلَ][الطَّرِيْقَ][الثَّعْلَبُ]
Colophon
Pagination
Derenbourg
١-١٠
بلاق
١-١٤
هارون
١-٣٤
يعقوب
١-٦٨
البكّاء
١-٨٨
Status(revision / pct complete)
Last update
2025-12-24
Tashkeel
1 / 100%
Segmentation
2 / 100%
Dicta
1 / 100%
Poetry
1 / 100%