| هٰذَا بَاْبُ إِعْرَاْبِ الْأَفْعَاْلِ الْمُضَاْرِعَةِ لِلْأَسْمَاْءِ | 1٢٧٥١٨ | this is the topic of arabization of the actions that are co-homologous to the nominals |
| اِعْلَمْ أَنَّ هٰذِهِ الْأَفْعَاْلَ لَهَا حُرُوْفٌ تَعْمَلُ فِيْهَا فَتَنْصِبُهَا | 2٩٢٨٥٩ | know that these actions, they have terms that elaborate in them and raise them |
| لَا تَعْمَلُ فِي الْأَسْمَاْءِ | 3٥١١٠٦ | they do not elaborate in the nominals |
| كَمَا أَنَّ حُرُوْفَ الْأَسْمَاْءِ الَّتِي تَنْصِبُهَا لَا تَعْمَلُ فِي الْأَفْعَاْلِ | 4٨٠٩٣٧ | just as the terms of the nominals that raise them do not elaborate in the actions |
| وَهِيَ أَنْ وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ أُرِيْدُ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ | 5٦٦٠٥٨ |
and they are
Ɂan that
and that is your saying
Ɂurīdᵘ Ɂan tafʕalᵃ«I desire that you do»
|
| وَ كَيْ وَذٰلِكَ جِئْتُكَ لِكَيْ تَفْعَلَ | 6٤١٥١٢ |
and
kay so-that
and that is
jiɁ-tu-ka li-kay tafʕalᵃ«I came to you in order that you do»
|
| وَ لَنْ فَأَمَّا الْخَلِيْلُ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهَا لَا أَنْ | 7٧٣٧٢٧ |
and
lan (future indicator)
well as for al-Khalīl will he claims that it is
lā Ɂannot that
|
| وَلِٰكِنَّهُمْ حَذَفُوْا لِكَثْرَتِهِ فِي كَلَاْمِهِمْ | 8١٦٠٦٩ | but they excise due to its copiousness in their speech |
| كَمَا قَاْلُوْا وَيْلُمِّهِ يُرِيْدُوْنَ وَيْ لِأُمِّهِ | 9٧٦٠٩٠ |
as they say
waylummᵢ-hi woe to his mother
they intending
way li-Ɂummᵢ-hiwoe to his mother
|
| وَكَمَا قَاْلُوْا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَجُعِلَتْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ حَرْفٍ وَاحِدٍ | 10٨١٢٥٢ |
as they say
yawmᵃ-Ɂiðin at that time
and it is treated as having
the disposition of a single term
|
| كَمَا جَعَلُوْا هَلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ حَرْفٍ وَاحِدٍ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ هَلْ وَلَا | 11٣٤٦٦٩ |
as they treat
hallā wherefore not?
as having the disposition
of a single term
and yet it is
hal(question indicator)
and
lānot
|
| وَأَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَزَعَمَ | 12٦٦٠٦٢ | and as for other(s) than him, well they claim |
| أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي لَنْ زِيَاْدَةٌ | 13١٨٩٥١ |
that there is not in
lan (future indicator)
an augment
|
| وَلَيْسَتْ مِنْ كَلِمَتَيْنِ | 14٥١٢٥٠ | and it is not from two words |
| وَلَكِنَّهَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ شَيْءٍ عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ لَيْسَتْ فِيْهِ زِيَاْدَةٌ | 15٤٣٨٦٩ |
but it is with the disposition
of something on
two terms Here meaning two “letters” or phonemes.
in which is no augment
|
| وَأَنَّهَا فِي حُرُوْفِ النَّصْبِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ لَمْ فِي حُرُوْفِ الْجَزْمِ | 16٧٦٢٣٦ |
and that among the terms
of raising
it has the disposition of
lam (past neg. indicator)
among the terms of truncation
|
| فِي أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ وَاْحِدٌ مِنْ الْحَرْفَيْنِ زَاْئِدًا | 17٤٤١٢٢ | in that it is the case that not one of the two terms is augmentive |
| وَلَوْ كَاْنَتْ عَلَى مَا يَقُوْلُ الْخُلِيْلُ | 18١٧٣٥٩ | and if it were on what al-Khalīl says |
| لَمَا قُلْتَ أَمَّا زَيْدًا فَلَنْ أَضْرِبَ | 19٥٢٣٤٨ |
then you would not say
ˀammā zaydᵃⁿ fa-lan Ɂaḍribᵃ «As for Zayd, well I will not strike»
|
| لِأَنَّ هٰذَا اسْمٌ وَالْفِعْلُ صِلَةٌ | 20٨٨٧٥٧ |
since this is a nominal and
the action is a connector In the following chapter, Sībawayhi
says that أَنْ plus an imperfect a-inflected
verb (يَفْعَلَ)
“has the disposition” of a single noun,
and the verb in such
a construction is a صِلَة (continuation)
of أَنْ. So if لَنْ is equivalent
to لا أَنْ, then لَنْ أَضْرِبَ would
not express future negation.
|
| فَكَأَنَّهُ قَاْلَ أَمَّا زَيْدًا فَلَا الضَّرْبُ لَهُ | 21٣٨٣٩١ |
so it would be as if he said
ˀammā zaydᵃⁿ fa-lā _ḍ-ḍarbᵘ la-hu
«As for Zayd, well the striking is not for him»
|
›‹
٢٣٣هٰذَا بَاْبُ إِعْرَاْبِ الْأَفْعَاْلِ الْمُضَاْرِعَةِ لِلْأَسْمَاْءِ
٢٣٣
هٰذَا بَاْبُ إِعْرَاْبِ الْأَفْعَاْلِ الْمُضَاْرِعَةِ لِلْأَسْمَاْءِCommentary
Dicta
-
Ɂurīdᵘdesire-IɁanthattafʕalᵃyou-doᵃ«I desire that you do»
-
jiɁ-tu-kacame-I-youli-kay⌊in order that⌋tafʕalᵃyou-doᵃ«I came to you in order that you do»
-
ˀammā⌊as for⌋zaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿfa-lanthen-not-thatɁaḍribᵃI_strikeᵃ«As for Zayd, well I will not strike»
-
ˀammā⌊as for⌋zaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿfa-lāthen-not_ḍ-ḍarbᵘthe-strikingᵘla-hufor-him«As for Zayd, well the striking is not for him»
Colophon
Pagination
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Last update
2026-04-30
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