٢٣٣
هٰذَا بَاْبُ إِعْرَاْبِ الْأَفْعَاْلِ الْمُضَاْرِعَةِ لِلْأَسْمَاْءِ

هٰذَا بَاْبُ إِعْرَاْبِ الْأَفْعَاْلِ الْمُضَاْرِعَةِ لِلْأَسْمَاْءِ 1٢٧٥١٨ this is the topic of arabization of the actions that are co-homologous to the nominals
اِعْلَمْ أَنَّ هٰذِهِ الْأَفْعَاْلَ لَهَا حُرُوْفٌ تَعْمَلُ فِيْهَا فَتَنْصِبُهَا 2٩٢٨٥٩ know that these actions, they have terms that elaborate in them and raise them
لَا تَعْمَلُ فِي الْأَسْمَاْءِ 3٥١١٠٦ they do not elaborate in the nominals
كَمَا أَنَّ حُرُوْفَ الْأَسْمَاْءِ الَّتِي تَنْصِبُهَا لَا تَعْمَلُ فِي الْأَفْعَاْلِ 4٨٠٩٣٧ just as the terms of the nominals that raise them do not elaborate in the actions
وَهِيَ أَنْ وَذٰلِكَ قَوْلُكَ أُرِيْدُ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ 5٦٦٠٥٨ and they are Ɂan
that
and that is your saying Ɂurīd Ɂan tafʕal
«I desire that you do»
وَ كَيْ وَذٰلِكَ جِئْتُكَ لِكَيْ تَفْعَلَ 6٤١٥١٢ and kay
so-that
and that is jiɁ-tu-ka li-kay tafʕal
«I came to you in order that you do»
وَ لَنْ فَأَمَّا الْخَلِيْلُ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّهَا لَا أَنْ 7٧٣٧٢٧ and lan
(future indicator)
well as for al-Khalīl will he claims that it is lā Ɂan
not that
وَلِٰكِنَّهُمْ حَذَفُوْا لِكَثْرَتِهِ فِي كَلَاْمِهِمْ 8١٦٠٦٩ but they excise due to its copiousness in their speech
كَمَا قَاْلُوْا وَيْلُمِّهِ يُرِيْدُوْنَ وَيْ لِأُمِّهِ 9٧٦٠٩٠ as they say waylumm-hi
woe to his mother
they intending way li-Ɂumm-hi
woe to his mother
وَكَمَا قَاْلُوْا يَوْمَئِذٍ وَجُعِلَتْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ حَرْفٍ وَاحِدٍ 10٨١٢٥٢ as they say yawm-Ɂiðin
at that time
and it is treated as having the disposition of a single term
كَمَا جَعَلُوْا هَلَّا بِمَنْزِلَةِ حَرْفٍ وَاحِدٍ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ هَلْ وَلَا 11٣٤٦٦٩ as they treat hallā
wherefore not?
as having the disposition of a single term and yet it is hal
(question indicator)
and
not
وَأَمَّا غَيْرُهُ فَزَعَمَ 12٦٦٠٦٢ and as for other(s) than him, well they claim
أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِي لَنْ زِيَاْدَةٌ 13١٨٩٥١ that there is not in lan
(future indicator)
an augment
وَلَيْسَتْ مِنْ كَلِمَتَيْنِ 14٥١٢٥٠ and it is not from two words
وَلَكِنَّهَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ شَيْءٍ عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ لَيْسَتْ فِيْهِ زِيَاْدَةٌ 15٤٣٨٦٩ but it is with the disposition of something on two terms
Here meaning two “letters” or phonemes.
in which is no augment
وَأَنَّهَا فِي حُرُوْفِ النَّصْبِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ لَمْ فِي حُرُوْفِ الْجَزْمِ 16٧٦٢٣٦ and that among the terms of raising it has the disposition of lam
(past neg. indicator)
among the terms of truncation
فِي أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ وَاْحِدٌ مِنْ الْحَرْفَيْنِ زَاْئِدًا 17٤٤١٢٢ in that it is the case that not one of the two terms is augmentive
وَلَوْ كَاْنَتْ عَلَى مَا يَقُوْلُ الْخُلِيْلُ 18١٧٣٥٩ and if it were on what al-Khalīl says
لَمَا قُلْتَ أَمَّا زَيْدًا فَلَنْ أَضْرِبَ 19٥٢٣٤٨ then you would not say ˀammā zaydᵃⁿ fa-lan Ɂaḍrib
«As for Zayd, well I will not strike»
لِأَنَّ هٰذَا اسْمٌ وَالْفِعْلُ صِلَةٌ 20٨٨٧٥٧ since this is a nominal and the action is a connector
In the following chapter, Sībawayhi says that أَنْ plus an imperfect a-inflected verb (يَفْعَلَ) “has the disposition” of a single noun, and the verb in such a construction is a صِلَة (continuation) of أَنْ. So if لَنْ is equivalent to لا أَنْ, then لَنْ أَضْرِبَ would not express future negation.
فَكَأَنَّهُ قَاْلَ أَمَّا زَيْدًا فَلَا الضَّرْبُ لَهُ 21٣٨٣٩١ so it would be as if he said ˀammā zaydᵃⁿ fa-lā _ḍ-ḍarb la-hu
«As for Zayd, well the striking is not for him»

Commentary

Dicta

  1. Ɂurīddesire-I
    Ɂanthat
    tafʕalyou-do
    «I desire that you do»
  2. jiɁ-tu-kacame-I-you
    li-kay⌊in order that⌋
    tafʕalyou-do
    «I came to you in order that you do»
  3. ˀammā⌊as for⌋
    zaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿ
    fa-lanthen-not-that
    ɁaḍribI_strike
    «As for Zayd, well I will not strike»
  4. ˀammā⌊as for⌋
    zaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿ
    fa-lāthen-not
    _ḍ-ḍarbthe-striking
    la-hufor-him
    «As for Zayd, well the striking is not for him»

Colophon

Pagination

Derenbourg
١-٣٦١
بلاق
١-٤٠٧
هارون
٣-٥
يعقوب
٣-٣
البكّاء
٤-١١٣

Status(revision / pct complete)

Last update
2026-04-30
Tashkeel
3 / 100%
Segmentation
3 / 100%
Dicta
3 / 100%

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