| هٰذَا بَاْبُ أَوْ | 1٣٦٥٢١ |
this is the topic of
Ɂaw indicative ¡or
|
| تَقُوْلُ أَيَّهُمْ تَضْرِبُ أَوْ تَقْتُلُ تُعْمِلُ أَحَدَهُمَا | 2٦٠٣٦٢ |
you say
Ɂayyᵃ-hum taḍribᵘ Ɂaw taqtulᵘ «Which of them do you strike ¡or kill?»
, making one of them[2] elaborate
|
| وَمَنْ يَأْتِيْكَ أَوْ يُحَدِّثُكَ أَوْ يُكْرِمُكَ | 3٤٥٩٤٢ |
and
man yaɁtī-ka Ɂaw yuḥaddiθᵘ-ka Ɂaw yukrimᵘ-ka
«Who comes to you
¡or talks to you
¡or honors you?»
|
| لَا يَكُوْنُ هٰهُنَا إِلَّا أَوْ | 4٧٨٣٣٦ |
there is not here except
Ɂaw indicative ¡or
|
| مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تَسْتَفْهِمُ عَنْ الِاسْمِ الْمَفْعُوْلِ | 5٤٥١٩٨ | by force of that you just solicit understanding about the nominal, the coactum |
| وَإِنَّمَا حَاْجَتُكَ إِلَى صَاْحِبِكَ أَنْ يَقُوْلَ فُلَاْنٌ | 6٠٠٣٣٧ |
and it is just that your need to
your companion is that he say
fulānᵘⁿ So-and-so
|
| وَعَلَى هٰذَا الْحَدِّ يَجْرِي مَا وَمَتَى وَكَيْفَ وَكَمْ وَأَيْنَ | 7٥١٦٩٩ |
and on this discipline do
mā what
and
matãwhen
and
kayfahow
and
kamhow many?
and
Ɂaynawhere
flow
|
| وَتَقُوْلُ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ شَعِيْرٌ أَوْ بُرٌّ أَوْ تَمْرٌ | 8٠٣٩٩٢ |
and you say
hal ʕinda-ka šaʕīrᵘⁿ Ɂaw burrᵘⁿ Ɂaw tamrᵘⁿ «¿Do you have either barley ¡or wheat ¡or dates?»
|
| وَهَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا أَوْ تُحَدِّثُنَا | 9٠٧٨٩٤ |
and
hal taɁtī-nā Ɂaw tuḥaddiθᵘ-nā
«¿Are you either coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
|
| لَا يَكُوْنُ إِلَّا ذٰلِكَ | 10٣٧٥٢٣ | it is not except that |
| وَذَاْكَ أَنَّ هَلْ لَيْسَتْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَلِفِ الِاسْتِفْهَاْمِ | 11٣٦٩٧٥ |
and that is that
hal (polar question device)
is not with the disposition the
alif of soliciting understanding
|
| لأَنَّكَ إِذَا قُلْتَ هَلْ تَضْرِبُ زَيْدًا | 12٧٥٤٢٠ |
since when you say
hal taḍribᵘ zaydᵃⁿ «¿Are you striking Zayd?»
|
| فَلَا يَكُوْنُ أَنْ تَدَّعِيَ أَنَّ الضَّرْبَ وَاْقِعٌ | 13٠٠٨١٧ | well it is not that you claim that the striking is occurent |
| وَقَدْ تَقُوْلُ أَتَضْرِبُ زَيْدًا وَأَنْتَ تَدَّعِي أَنَّ الضَّرْبَ وَاْقِعٌ | 14٠٩٦٤٦ |
and you may say
Ɂa-taḍribᵘ zaydᵃⁿ «¿You are striking Zayd (aren't you)?»
while claiming that
the striking is occurent
|
| ومِمَّا يَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَنَّ أَلِفَ الِاسْتِفْهَاْمِ لَيْسَتْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَلْ | 15٥٦٠٥٥ |
and among what indicates to you that the
alif of soliciting understanding is not with the
disposition of
hal (polar question device)
|
| أَنَّكَ تَقُوْلُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَطَرِبًا وَأَنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ طَرِبَ | 16٩٦٧٢٥ |
is that you say to the man
Ɂa-ṭaribᵃⁿ «¿You are agitated?!»
while you know that he did become agitated
|
| وَلٰكِنْ قُلْتَ لِتُوَبِّخَهُ وَتُقَرِّرَهُ | 17٤٦١٨٣ | but you say that to reproach him and make him acknowledge it |
| وَلَا تَقُوْلُ هٰذَا بَعْدَ هَلْ | 18١٧١٤١ |
and you do not say this after I.e. you do not say هَلْ طَرِبَا
hal(polar question device)
|
| وَإِنْ شِئْتَ قُلْتَ هَلْ تَأْتِيْنِي أَمْ تُحَدِّثُنِي | 19٠٩٥٣٠ |
and if you will you say
hal taɁtīᵘ-nī Ɂam tᵘḥᵃd²ᵢθᵘ-nᵢy
«¿Are you coming to me ¿or talking to me?»
|
| وَهَلْ عِنْدَكَ بُرٌّ أَمْ شَعِيْرٌ | 20٠١٣٧١ |
and
hal ʕinda-ka burrᵘⁿ Ɂam šaʕīrᵘⁿ «¿Do you have wheat ¿or barley?»
|
| عَلَى كَلَاْمَيْنِ | 21٦٦٦٤٦ | on two speakings |
| وَكَذٰلِكَ سَاْئِرُ حُرُوْفِ الِاسْتِفْهَاْمِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَا | 22٤٦٣٤٦ | and like that are the rest of the terms of soliciting understanding that we mentioned |
| وعَلَى هٰذَا قَاْلُوْا هَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا أَمْ هَلْ تُحَدِّثُنَا | 23٨٠٨٣٦ |
and on this they say
hal taɁtī-nā Ɂam hal tuḥaddiθᵘ-nā
«¿Are you coming to us ¿or ¿are you talking to us?»
|
| قَاْلَ زَفَرُ بْنُ الْحَاْرِثِ | 24٧٦٥٩٠ | Zafarᵘ bnᵘ _l-Ḥāriθᵢ said |
| 25 | ||
| وَكَذٰلِكَ سَمِعْنَاْهُ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ | 26٤٦٣٨٠ | and like that we heard it from the Arabs |
| فَأَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ قَاْلُوْا أَمْ هَلْ لَاْمَنِي لَكَ لَاْئِمُ | 27٠٧٤٨٣ |
well as for those who say
ˀam hal lāmanī laka lāẏimᵘ ¿or ¿did a blamer blame me to you?
|
| فَإِنَّمَا قَاْلُوْهُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَهُ الظَّنُّ بَعْدَ مَا مَضَى صَدْرُ حَدِيْثِهِ | 28٩٨٢٤٦ | well they just say it on that the thought seized him after the forepart of his narrative had passed |
| وَأَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ قَاْلُوْا أَوْ هَلْ فَإِنَّهُمْ جَعَلُوْهُ كَلَاْمًا وَاْحِدًا | 29٩٥٩٧٢ |
and as for those who say
Ɂaw hal ¿or ¿did
well they make it a unitary speaking
|
| وَتَقُوْلُ مَا أَدْرِي هَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا أَوْ تُحَدِّثُنَا | 30٦٠٢٩١ |
and you say
mā Ɂadrī hal taɁtī-nā Ɂaw tuḥaddiθᵘ-nā
«I don't know ¿are you coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
«I don't know if you are coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
|
| وَلَيْتَ شِعْرِي هَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا أَوْ تُحَدِّثُنَا | 31٦٤٦٣٩ |
and
layta šiʕr-ī hal taɁtī-nā Ɂaw tuḥaddiθᵘ-nā
«Would that I knew, ¿are you coming to us
¡or talking to us?»
«Would that I knew if you were coming to us
¡or talking to us?»
«Would that I knew, either you are coming to us
¡or talking to us?»
|
| فَـهَلْ هٰهُنَا بِمَنْزِلَتِهَا فِي الِاسْتِفْهَاْمِ إِذَا قُلْتَ هَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا | 32١٢٦٥٦ |
for
hal (polar question device)
here is with its disposition in
solicition of understanding when you say
hal taɁtī-nā
«¿Are you coming to us?»
|
| وَإِنَّمَا أَدْخَلْتَ هَلْ هٰهُنَا لأَنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تَقُوْلُ أَعْلِمْنِي | 33٩٩٥٣٣ |
and you just introduce
hal (polar question device)
here since you just say
Ɂaʕlim-nīteach me
|
| كَمَا أَرَدْتَ ذٰلِكَ حِيْنَ قُلْتَ هَلْ تَأْتِيْنَا أَوْ تُحَدِّثُنَا | 34٩٦٧٤٤ |
like you intend that when you say
hal taɁtī-nā Ɂaw tuḥaddiθᵘ-nā
«¿Are you coming to us ¿or talking to us?»
«¿Are you either coming to us ¿or talking to us?»
|
| فَجْرِى هٰذَا مَجْرَى قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ | 35٠٨٧٤٥ | so this follows the course of His saying (Glorified and Sublime be He) |
| قَاْلَ هَلْ يَسْمَعُوْنَكُمْ إِذْ تَدْعُوْنَ٧٢ أَوْ يَنْفَعُوْنَكُمْ أَوْ يَضُرُّوْنَ٧٣ | 36١٤٩٨٢ | |
| وَقَاْلَ زُهَيْرُ | 37٧٢٠٩٩ | and Zuhayrᵘ said |
| 38 | ||
| وَقَاْلَ مَاْلِكُ بْنُ الرَّيْبِ | 39٨٤٨٩٨ | and Mālikᵘ bnᵘ _r-Raybᵢ said |
| 40 | ||
| وَكَذٰلِكَ سَمِعْنَاْهُ مِمَّنْ يُنْشِدُهُ مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّهِ | 41٢٨٩٧٨ |
and like this we heard from those of
the sons of his uncle Translating بَنِي عَمِّهِ literally.
Alternative: “tribe of his uncle"; or it could
be that is is the proper name of a tribe.
واللهُ أعلم
who recite it
|
| وَقَاْلَ أُنَاْسٌ أَمْ أَضْحَتْ عَلَى كَلَاْمَيْنِ | 42٥٩١٨٧ |
and people say
ˀam ˀaḍḥat ¿or it became
on two speakings
|
| كَمَا قَاْلَ عَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ | 43٨٥٦٤٥ | like ʕAlqamatᵘ bnᵘ ʕAbdatᵃ said |
| 44 | ||
›‹
٢٨٠هٰذَا بَاْبُ أَوْ
٢٨٠
هٰذَا بَاْبُ أَوْSegment Notes
Segments 27-29: فَأَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ قَاْلُوْا أَمْ هَلْ لَاْمَنِي لَكَ لَاْئِمُ
Using interrogative أَمْ makes both parts independent alternatives: هَلْ لُمْتَنِي ... أَمْ هَلْ لَامَنِي فُلانٌ meaning something like “Did you blame me? ¿Or did so-and-so blame me?”
By contrast, indicative أَوْ combines the two parts into a single unit: هَلْ لُمْتَنِي ... أَوْ هَلْ لَامَنِي فُلانٌ meaning “Did either you ¡or so-and-so blame me?” soliciting one yes/no response.
Commentary
When أَوْ is used with one of the nominal question terms (أَيُّ, مَنْ, مَا etc.) the expected response is not yes or no, but a noun or nominal expression that is responsive to the interrogative term: the name of a person, or a thing, a place, a time, etc.
When أَوْ it used with هَلْ, it has the sense of “either ... or”. Since هَلْ asks a polar (yes/no) question, the projected yes/no response affirms or denies that one or the other (or all) of the alternatives offered is the case.
Dicta
-
Ɂayyᵃ-humwhichᵃofthemtaḍribᵘyou_strikeᵘɁawindicative ¡ortaqtulᵘhe_killsᵘ«Which of them do you strike ¡or kill?»
-
manwhoyaɁtī-kahe_comesᵘ-youɁawindicative ¡oryuḥaddiθᵘ-kahe-talksᵘ-to-youɁawindicative ¡oryukrimᵘ-kahonors-he-you«Who comes to you ¡or talks to you ¡or honors you?»
-
hal(polar question device)ʕinda-kanear youšaʕīrᵘⁿbarleyɁawindicative ¡orburrᵘⁿwheatɁawindicative ¡ortamrᵘⁿdates«¿Do you have either barley ¡or wheat ¡or dates?»
-
hal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-usɁawindicative ¡ortuḥaddiθᵘ-nāyou-talkᵘ-to-me«¿Are you either coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
-
hal(polar question device)taḍribᵘyou_strikeᵘzaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿ«¿Are you striking Zayd?»
-
Ɂa-taḍribᵘ¿you_strikeᵘ?zaydᵃⁿZaydᵃⁿ«¿You are striking Zayd (aren't you)?»
-
Ɂa-ṭaribᵃⁿ¿agitated?«¿You are agitated?!»
-
hal(polar question device)taɁtīᵘ-nīyou_comeᵘ-meɁaminterrogative ¿ortᵘḥᵃd²ᵢθᵘ-nᵢyyou-talkᵘ-to-me«¿Are you coming to me ¿or talking to me?»
-
hal(polar question device)ʕinda-kanear youburrᵘⁿwheatɁaminterrogative ¿oršaʕīrᵘⁿbarley«¿Do you have wheat ¿or barley?»
-
hal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-usɁaminterrogative ¿orhal(polar question device)tuḥaddiθᵘ-nāyou-talkᵘ-to-me«¿Are you coming to us ¿or ¿are you talking to us?»
-
mānotɁadrīI knowhal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-usɁawindicative ¡ortuḥaddiθᵘ-nāyou-talkᵘ-to-me«I don't know ¿are you coming to us ¡or talking to us?»«I don't know if you are coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
-
laytawould thatšiʕr-īmy knowinghal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-usɁawindicative ¡ortuḥaddiθᵘ-nāyou-talkᵘ-to-me«Would that I knew, ¿are you coming to us ¡or talking to us?»«Would that I knew if you were coming to us ¡or talking to us?»«Would that I knew, either you are coming to us ¡or talking to us?»
-
hal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-us«¿Are you coming to us?»
-
hal(polar question device)taɁtī-nāyou_comeᵘ-usɁawindicative ¡ortuḥaddiθᵘ-nāyou-talkᵘ-to-me«¿Are you coming to us ¿or talking to us?»«¿Are you either coming to us ¿or talking to us?»
Poetry
-
زَفَرُ بْنُ الْحَاْرِثِ[أَبَا][أَبَا][مَاْلِكٍ][مَاْلِكٍ]hal(polar question device)[لُمْتَنِي][لُمْتَنِي][مُذْ][مُذْ][حَضَضْتَنِي][حَضَضْتَنِي][عَلِى][عَلِى][الْقَتْلِ][الْقَتْلِ]Ɂaminterrogative ¿orhal(polar question device)[لَاْمَنِي][لَاْمَنِي]la-kafor-you[لَاْئِمُ][لَاْئِمُ]
-
زُهَيْرُ[أَلَا][أَلَا]laytawould that[شِعْرِي][شِعْرِي]hal(polar question device)[يَرَى][يَرَى]_-n²āsᵘthe_peoplemānot[أَرَى][أَرَى]minafrom[الْأَمْرِ][الْأَمْرِ]Ɂawindicative ¡or[يَبْدُو][يَبْدُو][لَهُمْ][لَهُمْ]mānot[بَدَا][بَدَا][لِيَا][لِيَا]
-
مَاْلِكُ بْنُ الرَّيْبِ[أَلَا][أَلَا]laytawould that[شِعْرِي][شِعْرِي]hal(polar question device)[تَغَيَّرَتِ][تَغَيَّرَتِ][الرَّحَا][الرَّحَا][رَحَا][رَحَا][الْحَزْنِ][الْحَزْنِ]Ɂawindicative ¡or[أَضْحَتْ][أَضْحَتْ][بِفَلْجٍ][بِفَلْجٍ][كَمَا][كَمَا][هِيَا][هِيَا]
-
عَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَhal(polar question device)mānot[عَلِمْتَ][عَلِمْتَ]wa-māand not[اسْتُوْدِعْتَ][اسْتُوْدِعْتَ][مَكْتُوْمُ][مَكْتُوْمُ]Ɂaminterrogative ¿or[حَبْلُهَا][حَبْلُهَا][إِذْ][إِذْ][نَأَتْكَ][نَأَتْكَ]_l-yawmᵃthe-dayᵃ[مَصْرُوْمُ][مَصْرُوْمُ]Ɂaminterrogative ¿orhal(polar question device)[كَبِيْرٌ][كَبِيْرٌ][بَكَى][بَكَى]lampast neg. particle[يَقْضِ][يَقْضِ][عَبْرَتَهَ][عَبْرَتَهَ][إِثْرَ][إِثْرَ][الْأَحَبَّةِ][الْأَحَبَّةِ][يَوْمَ][يَوْمَ][الْبَيْنِ][الْبَيْنِ][مَشْكُوْمُ][مَشْكُوْمُ]
Quran
-
سورة ٢٦ الشُّعَرَاء آية ٧٢ قَاْلَ هَلْ يَسْمَعُوْنَكُمْ إِذْ تَدْعُوْنَ ٧٢ أَوْ يَنْفَعُوْنَكُمْ أَوْ يَضُرُّوْنَ ٧٣qᵃålᵃsaid-hehal(polar question device)[يَسْمَعُوْنَكُمْ][يَسْمَعُوْنَكُمْ][إِذْ][إِذْ][تَدْعُوْنَ][تَدْعُوْنَ]Ɂawindicative ¡or[يَنْفَعُوْنَكُمْ][يَنْفَعُوْنَكُمْ]Ɂawindicative ¡or[يَضُرُّوْنَ][يَضُرُّوْنَ]
Colophon
Pagination
Derenbourg
١-٤٣٤
بلاق
١-٤٨٥
هارون
٣-١٧٥
يعقوب
٣-١٩٩
البكّاء
٤-٣٢٣
Status(revision / pct complete)
Last update
2026-05-21
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